What is Domain & DNS

Domain Name

Domain name are used to identify one or more IP addresses. For example, the domain name microsoft.com represents about a dozen IP addresses. Domain names are used in URLs to identify specific web pages. For example, in the URL https://www.haxpider.com, the domain name is haxpider.com.

Every domain name has a suffix that indicates which top-level domain (TLD) it belongs to. There are only a limited number of such domains. For example:

gov - Government agencies
edu - Educational institutions
org - Organizations (nonprofit)
mil - Military
com - commercial business
net - Network organizations
in - India
pro – professional

Because the Internet is based on IP addresses, not domain names, every Web server requires a Domain Name System (DNS) server to translate domain names into IP addresses.

TLD

A top-level domain (TLD) is one of the domains at the highest level in the Internet's hierarchical domain name system. Top-level domain names are installed in the root zone of the namespace. For all lower-level domains, this is the last part of the domain name, that is, the last label of the fully qualified domain name. For example, in the domain name www.example.com, the top-level domain is com. Responsibility for managing most top-level domains is delegated to specific organizations by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), which operates the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), and is in charge of maintaining the DNS root zone.

gTLD

A generic top-level domain (gTLD) is one of the categories of top-level domains (TLDs) maintained by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) for use in the Domain Name System of the Internet. It is visible to Internet users as the suffix at the end of a domain name.

For example:

.com
.net
.org
.edu
.gov

CCTLD
A country code top-level domain (ccTLD) is an Internet top-level domain generally used or reserved for a country, a sovereign state, or a dependent territory.

For example:

ICANN

Internet Corporation of Assigned Names and Numbers is the non-profit organization responsible for managing Internet’s domain name system including IP Address space assignment. To become a Registrar, one needs to go through the ICANN process and policies. Even Registries operates under a contract with ICANN.

Registrar

Big rock
Link: https://www.bigrock.in/

GoDaddy

Link: https://in.godaddy.com/

Lifecycle of gLTD